Deciding How To Name Chemical Compounds: Ionic Compounds, Molecular Compounds and Acids
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It is a
Hx_______?
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YES
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It's an Acid!
Is there an "O" in the name?
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YES
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Decide if the polyatomic ending is "ite" or "ate
Ex: Usual names
HCl02 = Hydrogen chlorite
HClO3 = Hydrogen Chlorate
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"Ite" ending
is renamed:
Hydrogen Chlorite is renamed with:
*No hydro and uses an
"ous" ending
Chlorous Acid
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NO
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NO
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Does it have a metal in it?
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Ex: HCl
Typical name is:
Hydrogen Chloride
but you rename it....
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"Ate" ending
is renamed:
Hydrogen Chlorate is renamed with:
*No hydro and uses an
"ic" ending
Chloric Acid
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Look to left and right of periodic table to decide
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Keep Hydro
Change end to "ic"
Name is:
Hydrochloric Acid
*Hydro included
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Choices are:
Metal + non metal
or
Non metal + Non metal
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YES
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Ionic Naming!
*end in "ide" or polyatomic name
*charges
MUST balance
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It the metal a Transitional Metal?
(d group on periodic table)
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YES
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Transition Metals: Roman numerals are used - see purple sheet on back!
ex:
FeO
Iron (II) Oxide
Fe2(NO3)3
iron (III) Nitrate
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NO
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NO
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Molecular Naming
Non metal + Non Metal
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Regular Metals: so Roman Numerals not used
ex: NaCl
Sodium Chloride
ex: NaNO3
Sodium Nitrate
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Is it diatomic or a common name?
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YES
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If Diatomic:
5 Gases:
H2 hydrogen
N2 nitrogen
O2 oxygen
F2 flourine
Cl2 chlorine
Liquid:
Br2 bromine
Solid:
I2 iodine
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If has a Common Name:
4 of these:
H20 Water
H2O2 Hydrogen Peroxide
NH3 Ammonia
N20 Laughing Gas
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NO
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Regular Molecules
*Use Prefixes
mono 1
di 2
tri 3
tetra 4
penta 5
hexa 6
hepta 7
octa 8
nona 9
deca 10
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1st element: *no Mono used
2nd element:
*Mono yes used
*ends in "ide"
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ex:
CO2 Carbon dioxide
N20 Dinitrogen Oxide
P2O5
Diphosphorus Pentoxide
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If you have two vowels together, eliminate the "a" in the prefix
ex:
Hexachloride : "a" stays
Hexa-oxide
"a" goes and is written Hexoxide
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Naming Tree
